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X-ray and other imaging equipment
The most commonly used methods include conventional X-rays, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). X-rays and CT require ionizing radiation (X-rays). MRI, on the other hand, uses strong magnetic fields to locate protons in human tissue and analyze their spin. For this reason, MRI is the safest of the three methods, although each has its own advantages. In practice, the method of choice is often the one that can best show the structure in question. Conventional X-ray An imaging method that uses electromagnetic waves (X-rays) to create X-rays of specific parts of the body. The tissues are shown in a two-dimensional image with varying degrees of intensity depending on their (X-ray) density. Conventional X-rays are used primarily for an initial assessment of the chest and abdominal organs and the bony skeleton. Computed tomography (CT) A (cross-sectional) imaging procedure that also uses X-rays to image tissue in two or three dimensions. Here, too, the individual structures are imaged with varying degrees of intensity depending on their density. CT is used primarily to evaluate the musculoskeletal system, the parenchyma of solid organs, the blood supply and the distribution of body fluids. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) A (cross-sectional) imaging procedure that uses high-frequency pulses and strong magnetic fields to image tissue with varying degrees of intensity depending on its concentration of (hydrogen) protons. MRI is used in particular to assess soft tissue and nerve tissue. Sonography/ultrasound An imaging procedure that can image tissue using ultrasound waves. Here, too, the contrast of the different organs is based on different tissue densities. There are various indications for sonography (e.g. Doppler ultrasound, breast ultrasound, pregnancy ultrasound). Nuclear medicine An imaging procedure that can depict the function of various organs using applied radioactive substances. An example of a nuclear medicine procedure is positron emission tomography (PET). Range in radiology: Cross-sectional imaging Cross-sectional imaging is a diagnostic procedure in radiology that shows the body layer by layer without any overlap. The digital data sets of each individual layer can be reassembled by processing with fast computers so that the organ being examined can be shown in any viewing direction. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Computer tomography (CT) Conventional X-ray, Ultrasound The most common examinations in conventional X-ray are X-rays of the skeleton and thorax (heart and lungs). Mammography is also a conventional X-ray examination, although a special X-ray machine is required for these images. Many examinations that were regularly used in the past have now been replaced by cross-sectional imaging and the use of sonography. Mammography Conventional X-ray Ultrasound (sonography) Functional diagnostics In nuclear medicine, functional examinations of the various organs can be carried out, which can detect diseases and functional disorders of the affected organs at a very early stage. Nuclear medicine PET and PET-CT
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